Partition a Drive to Install more than one Operating System

Some people want to install Tiny Core and other operating systems on a computer.

This can be done by creating a number of partitions on the hard drive, and installing a number of operating systems in them.

You can also create a number of partitions on a USB drive, and install a number of operating systems on the USB drive.

Warning: When partitioning a drive, all files will be lost. Before beginning, save a copy of all files you don't want to lose.

Set up all partitions before installing any operating system.

Tiny Core.

More than one different version of Tiny Core.

Microcore.

More than one different version of Microcore.

Other Linux Distributions.

More than one Other Linux Distribution.

Windows.

More than one different version of Windows.

One hard drive can have a maximum of four primary partitions.

If you want more than four partitions, you can create an extended partition in the place of one of the primary partitions, and create logical partitions within it. For example, if you want eight partitions on one hard drive, you can have three primary partitions, and (one extended partition, containing) five logical partitions.

When installing on a hard drive, two partitions are recommended for one version of Linux, a root partition and a swap partition (Some people choose not to have a swap partition in a computer with a large amount of RAM).

The root partition is where the files go. It has mount point / (written as forward slash and called root). Any partition, primary or logical, can be used for a Linux partition. Linux root partitions are normally formatted using the Ext4 filesystem. If you plan to use Grub legacy, use Ext3.

If the Extlinux bootloader is used, it needs to be in a primary partition.

A swap partition, which may be called swap area or Linux swap, enables part of the hard drive to be used like extra RAM. A suggested size, is double the RAM. Any partition, primary or logical, can be used for swap. However, it is common practice to use the first logical partition.

To install more than one version of Linux on a computer, a root partition is needed for each version, and only one swap partition which can be used by all.

Linux can be set up with different directories in different partitions, but this is not necessary. For example, you can have the home directory, where personal files are saved, in a different partition.

When installing on a USB drive, or other solid state memory, one partition is recommended for one version of Linux, that is a root partition.

This is usually formatted with the Ext2 filesystem, which is a non-journalling filesystem, to minimize writing, and lengthen the life of the memory.

Do not put a swap partition on a USB drive or other solid state memory, as it will result in writing a huge amount to the drive, and greatly shorten the life of the drive.

If you want a swap partition when using a USB drive, create it on the hard drive.

One partition is needed for one version of Windows. Windows creates a swap file inside the partition.

More than one version of Windows can be installed on one hard drive. A partition is needed for each.

Windows can only be installed in a primary partition, not a logical partition.

Recent versions of Windows use NTFS.

Windows XP can be installed on FAT32 or NTFS. NTFS is ideal.

Older versions such as Windows 98 and Windows ME use FAT32.

Windows 95 can be installed on FAT16 or FAT32.

DOS and Windows versions prior to Windows 95, use FAT16.

There are many different partitioning programs.

GParted can be installed in Tiny Core, and used for partitioning.

Parted Magic contains GParted, and can be run from a CD or USB drive.

Most Linux distributions have partitioning programs which are run during installation.

Whichever partitioning program you use, create appropriate partitions for the operating systems you want to install.

If you plan to use the Parted Magic CD, download the .iso file of the latest version of Parted Magic, and write it to a CD. It may be downloaded from http://www.digitalincursion.net/partedmagic/

Another option is to use UNetbootin to install Parted Magic on a USB drive, and run it from the USB drive. UNetbootin may be downloaded from http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/ Be Aware: Older computers may not be able to start an operating system on a USB drive.

Install all of the operating systems you want.

Install Tiny Core as explained in one of these guides

• Install Tiny Core on a Hard Drive with Internet
• Install Tiny Core on a Hard Drive without Internet
• Install Tiny Core on a USB Drive with Internet
• Install Tiny Core on a USB Drive without Internet

Set up the Extlinux bootloader as shown here

• Select which Operating System to Start using Extlinux

If you installed another Linux distribution, you may use the bootloader of that Linux distribution instead.

When using Extlinux, the partition containing Extlinux needs to be Active or Boot.

When using Grub, the partition containing Windows needs to be Active or Boot.

Only primary partitions can be set as Active or Boot. So both Extlinux and Windows need to be in a primary partition.

The Active or Boot partition can be changed after installing operating systems, by running GParted, selecting the partition, and setting the flag. This is easy using Parted Magic, which may be downloaded from http://www.digitalincursion.net/partedmagic/

If a computer already has Windows installed, see Install Tiny Core if you already have Windows.

If you are using Extlinux, and want to add Windows boot options, add the following to extlinux.config.

LABEL windows
KERNEL chain.c32
APPEND hd0 1

Change (hd0,0) to whatever partition Windows is in.

For more information, see Select which Operating System to Start using Extlinux.

If you are using Grub legacy, and want to add Windows boot options, add the following to menu.lst.

title	Windows
root	(hd0,0)
makeactive
chainloader	+1

Change (hd0,0) to whatever partition Windows is in.