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| dcore:locale_in_ub-dcore [2016/05/18 05:27] – [Create a Locales Extension] nitram | dcore:locale_in_ub-dcore [2018/07/15 17:58] (current) – sm8ps |
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| In Ubuntu, locales are created based on language packs. Proper locale files are generated by ''locale-gen''. Since these files are large, making them persistent is best done by creating a locale extension. | In Ubuntu, locales are created based on language packs. Proper locale files are generated by ''locale-gen''. Since these files are large, making them persistent is best done by creating a locale extension. |
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| | These instructions have been tested on ... |
| | * dCore-trusty --- //[[sm8ps-tcl1@yahoo.com|sm8ps]] 2015// |
| | * dCore-xenial --- //[[sm8ps-tcl1@yahoo.com|sm8ps]] 2017/09/23 08:49// |
| | * dCore-bionic64 --- //[[sm8ps-tcl1@yahoo.com|sm8ps]] 2018/07/15 14:37// |
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| =====Preparation===== | =====Preparation===== |
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| Import and load the //locales// package, review '/usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED' for a list of available locales to determine the desired locale code. | Import and load the //locales// package. Review '/usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED' for a list of locales to determine the desired locale code, ignoring the second string. |
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| Comment out the line in '~/.profile' that hard codes the LANG to "en_US.UTF-8" and have it set through the boot code //lang// (eg. ''lang=de_CH.UTF-8'' for Swiss German locale). | |
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| | Either use the //lang// boot code for the desired locale (eg. ''lang=de_CH.UTF-8'' for Swiss German) and comment out the line in '~/.profile' that hard codes LANG to "en_US.UTF-8" ... |
| <code> | <code> |
| ~/.profile: | |
| #LANG=en_US.UTF-8 | #LANG=en_US.UTF-8 |
| </code> | </code> |
| For a first test ''locale'' will complain that it cannot set some LC_ variables but will then list where all but LANGUAGE and LC_ALL are set to the chosen locale code. | or change that line to the desired locale directly. |
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| | ==== Fallback Locales ==== |
| | International users may want US English as a fallback to be stored in LANGUAGE (source: [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Locale#LANGUAGE:_fallback_locales|Archlinux-wiki]]). |
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| === Fallback Locales === | If so add the following to '~/.profile': |
| International users may want US English as a fallback to be stored in LANGUAGE (source: [[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Locale#LANGUAGE:_fallback_locales|Archlinux-wiki]]). If so, add the following to '~/.profile': | |
| <code> | <code> |
| ~/.profile: | ~/.profile: |
| LANGUAGE=$LANG:en_US.UTF-8:en | export LANGUAGE=$LANG:en_US:en |
| </code> | </code> |
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| =====Generating Locale Files===== | =====Generating Locale Files===== |
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| Create a temporary working directory (eg. ~/temp/). Create a list of packages in './mylocale.lst' with all desired language choices, this example uses English and German: | Reboot for the changes to take effect. |
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| | For a first test ''locale'' will complain that it cannot set some LC_ variables but will then list where all but LANGUAGE and LC_ALL are set to the chosen locale code. |
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| | Create a temporary working directory (eg. ~/temp/). |
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| | Create a package list there (eg. ./mylocale-LIST) with all desired language choices (eg. English and German): |
| <code> | <code> |
| ./mylocale.lst: | ./mylocale-LIST: |
| coreutils | coreutils |
| bash | bash |
| </code> | </code> |
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| Import the package list using ''sce-import -n -l ./mylocale.lst'' and load them. | Import the package list using ''sce-import -nl ./mylocale-LIST'' and load the extension. Be aware that this may take quite a while. |
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| Run ''sudo locale-gen --archive'' (double dash before 'archive') to produce '/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive' containing all locales specified in the language packs. | |
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| ===Testing=== | |
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| ''locale'' will show the same list as before without errors. Furthermore ''date +%A'' will print the week-day in the local language. | |
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| | Run ''sudo locale-gen ''''-''''-''''archive'' to produce '/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive' containing all locales specified in the language packs. Again, this will take a while. |
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| ===Package Selection=== | ===Package Selection=== |
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| The language packs depend on the //locale// package, which provides the command ''locale-gen''. This is a Bash script which uses the core-utilities plus 'localedef' which is not included in //locale// but rather in //libc-bin//. | The language packs depend on the //locale// package, which provides the command ''locale-gen''. This is a Bash script which uses the core-utilities plus 'localedef' which is not included in //locale// but rather in //libc-bin//. |
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| | ===Testing=== |
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| | ''locale'' will show the same list as before without errors. Furthermore ''date +%A'' will print the week-day in the local language. |
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| =====Create a Locales Extension===== | =====Create a Locales Extension===== |
| <code Bash> | <code Bash> |
| mkdir -p ./mylocale/usr/lib/locale/ | mkdir -p ./mylocale/usr/lib/locale/ |
| sudo mv /usr/lib/locale/locale-archive ./mylocale/usr/lib/locale/ | sudo cp -a /usr/lib/locale/locale-archive ./mylocale/usr/lib/locale/ |
| </code> | </code> |
| The directory is packed into a SquashFS-file, that is an extension. That extension is then put in the right place. | The directory is packed into a SquashFS-file, an extension that is. That extension is then put in the right place. |
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| <code Bash> | <code Bash> |
| </code> | </code> |
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| Optionally, the extension is included into 'sceboot.lst' so as to have it automatically loaded at boot. | The extension name "mylocale" should be included into 'sceboot.lst' so as to have it automatically loaded at boot. |
| ===Testing=== | ===Testing=== |
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| After rebooting ''locale'' should list all LC-variables set to the chosen locale code. | After rebooting ''locale'' should list all LC-variables set to the chosen locale code. |
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| ==== Cleanup ==== | === Cleanup === |
| The extensions //locales// as well //mylocale.lst// can be removed together with the temporary directory. | The extensions //locales// and //mylocale.lst// (but not //mylocale//!) can be removed together with the temporary directory. |
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| **[[http://wiki.tinycorelinux.net/dcore:welcome|> Return to the dCore Wiki Welcome page]]** | **[[http://wiki.tinycorelinux.net/dcore:welcome|> Return to the dCore Wiki Welcome page]]** |
